Search results for "Optical axis"

showing 10 items of 34 documents

Stable and simple quantitative phase-contrast imaging by Fresnel biprism

2018

Digital holographic (DH) microscopy has grown into a powerful nondestructive technique for the real-time study of living cells including dynamic membrane changes and cell fluctuations in nanometer and sub-nanometer scales. The conventional DH microscopy configurations require a separately generated coherent reference wave that results in a low phase stability and a necessity to precisely adjust the intensity ratio between two overlapping beams. In this work, we present a compact, simple, and very stable common-path DH microscope, employing a self-referencing configuration. The microscope is implemented by a diode laser as the source and a Fresnel biprism for splitting and recombining the be…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceMicroscopePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryPhase-contrast imagingHolographyÒpticaLaserInterference (wave propagation)Holographic interferometry01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOptical axisMicroscòpiaOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopybusinessApplied Physics Letters
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Evaluation of the practicality of optical biometry and applanation ultrasound in 253 eyes

2003

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the percentage of eyes that could not be measured using optical biometry and ultrasound applanation and the reasons. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Hospital, Mainz, Germany. Methods Optical biometry (IOLMaster®, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) and A-scan ultrasound biometry were performed consecutively in 253 eyes scheduled for cataract surgery the next day. Lens opacities were evaluated with the Opacity Lensmeter (Interzeag), and a slitlamp examination and measurement of visual acuity were performed. The 2 techniques were compared in terms of the rate of and reasons for primary measurement failure. Results Measurement with the IOLMast…

AdultBiometryVisual acuityAdolescentLightPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentEye diseaseVision DisordersVisual AcuityIntraocular lensDiagnostic Techniques OphthalmologicalEyeRefraction OcularCataractOptical biometryLens Implantation IntraocularHumansMedicineChildAgedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overLenses Intraocularbusiness.industryUltrasoundMiddle AgedCataract surgerymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsOptical axisOphthalmologyInterferometryChild PreschoolOptometrySurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessPseudophakiaJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Laser-induced anisotropy in terbium-gallium garnet

1998

Ga5O12 crystal when illuminated at the terbium ion resonance, becomes optically uniaxial. The optical axis is found to be along the beam-propagation axis. The origin of this symmetry breakdown is a thermal effect. Our observation of a conoscopic pattern is accounted for by a quadratic stress and refractive index distribution model. By spatial integration of the conoscopic pattern, the laser-induced stress birefringence variation as a function of the incident beam power is determined.

BirefringenceMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsUniaxial crystalbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementTerbiumLaserTerbium gallium garnetlaw.inventionCrystalOptical axischemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistrylawbusinessRefractive indexApplied Physics B: Lasers and Optics
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Anisotropy of the refractive index and absorption coefficient in the layer plane of gallium telluride single crystals

1995

Refractive index and absorption coefficient of GaTe for light polarized in the optical axis directions in the layer plane are determined from transmission measurements. The refractive index is determined in the wavelength range from 0.7 to 25 μm and the absorption coefficient in the range of energies from 1.6 to 2 eV at room temperature and at 30 K. The optical constants are found to be anisotropic in the layer plane. The refractive index dispersion is interpreted through a Phillips-Van Vechten model and the Penn gaps for each direction are found to be E pg (⊥b) = 3.37 eV and E pg (∥b) = 3.58 eV. In the long-wavelength region a polar phonon contribution is also taken into account. The absor…

ChemistryPhononbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical axischemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsAbsorption edgeAttenuation coefficientTellurideAbsorptancebusinessAnisotropyRefractive indexPhysica Status Solidi (a)
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Fractal-structured multifocal intraocular lens

2017

[EN] In this work, we present a new concept of IOL design inspired by the demonstrated properties of reduced chromatic aberration and extended depth of focus of Fractal zone plates. A detailed description of a proof of concept IOL is provided. The result was numerically characterized, and fabricated by lathe turning. The prototype was tested in vitro using dedicated optical system and software. The theoretical Point Spread Function along the optical axis, computed for several wavelengths, showed that for each wavelength, the IOL produces two main foci surrounded by numerous secondary foci that partially overlap each other for different wavelengths. The result is that both, the near focus an…

DiffractionOptical PhenomenaFocus (geometry)VisionSocial Scienceslcsh:MedicinePhysics::Optics01 natural sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologylcsh:ScienceLens (Anatomy)PhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsOphthalmic ProceduresCataract SurgeryOptical LensesWavelengthFractalsOptical EquipmentPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologySensory PerceptionAnatomyDiffractionResearch ArticlePoint spread functionOcular AnatomyGeometryEquipmentSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresIn Vitro TechniquesProsthesis DesignProof of Concept Study010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesFractalOpticsOcular SystemOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencesChromatic aberrationPrototypesComputer Simulationbusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesModels TheoreticalMultifocal Intraocular LensesOptical axisTechnology DevelopmentFISICA APLICADAWaves030221 ophthalmology & optometryEyeslcsh:QbusinessHeadMathematicsNeuroscience
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Fractal zone plates with variable lacunarity.

2009

Fractal zone plates (FZPs), i.e., zone plates with fractal structure, have been recently introduced in optics. These zone plates are distinguished by the fractal focusing structure they provide along the optical axis. In this paper we study the effects on this axial response of an important descriptor of fractals: the lacunarity. It is shown that this parameter drastically affects the profile of the irradiance response along the optical axis. In spite of this fact, the axial behavior always has the self-similarity characteristics of the FZP itself.

DiffractionOptical axisPhysicsOpticsFractalOptical tweezersbusiness.industryLacunarityFresnel numberbusinessDiffraction efficiencyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVariable (mathematics)Optics express
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Devil's lenses.

2007

In this paper we present a new kind of kinoform lenses in which the phase distribution is characterized by the “devil’s staircase” function. The focusing properties of these fractal DOEs coined devil’s lenses (DLs) are analytically studied and compared with conventional Fresnel kinoform lenses. It is shown that under monochromatic illumination a DL give rise a single fractal focus that axially replicates the self-similarity of the lens. Under broadband illumination the superposition of the different monochromatic foci produces an increase in the depth of focus and also a strong reduction in the chromaticity variation along the optical axis.

DiffractionPhysicsDepth of focusKinoformbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOptical axisLens (optics)Superposition principleOpticsFractallawMonochromatic colorbusinessOptics express
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Broadband focused waves with compensated spatial dispersion: transverse versus axial balance.

2007

We determine the constraints an ABCD optical system must verify to achieve, at the focal region, broadband waves with compensated spatial dispersion either along the optical axis, called on-axis isodiffracting fields, or in the lateral direction, here named in-plane isodiffracting beams. An optical configuration is identified for generating both types of achromatic broadband focused wave fields. An experimental verification is also provided.

DiffractionPhysicsPoint spread functionbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOptical axisTransverse planeOpticsAchromatic lenslawDispersion (optics)BroadbandbusinessBeam splitterOptics letters
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Single-zone-plate achromatic fresnel-transform setup: Pattern tunability

1997

Abstract White-light point-source illumination results in the chromatic blurring of the optical field diffracted by an aperture. In this paper, broadband dispersion compensation for a continuous set of Fresnel diffraction patterns associated with an arbitrary input transparency is carried out, in a sequential way, by means of a single on-axis blazed zone plate. The input is illuminated with a white-light converging spherical wavefront and the diffractive lens is inserted at the virtual source plane. We recognize that the position of the input along the optical axis permits to achieve a different achromatic Fresnel diffraction pattern with low residual chromatic aberrations. The theory deriv…

DiffractionPhysicsWavefrontbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsZone plateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOptical axisOpticslawAchromatic lensChromatic aberrationFresnel numberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessFresnel diffraction
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Non-Conventional Tunable Spatial Filtering

1987

A virtual display of the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of any object is formed in the transverse source plane by theyirtual diffracted rays extqn0ing in the region to the left of the screen containing the transparencyl),2). Except for a few cases '')"°), the concept of virtual Fourier transform appears not to have been made use of. The main idea of this paper is, bearing in mind the property referred to in the above paragraph, to describe a novel spatial filtering technique. In this way, one can obtain different filtered images, by simply moving the point source along the optical axis. The basic theory is described below.

DiffractionSpatial filterPoint sourcebusiness.industryFraunhofer diffractionOptical axissymbols.namesakeTransverse planeFourier transformOpticssymbolsSpatial frequencybusinessMathematicsSPIE Proceedings
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